Hive provides a SQL-like interface to data stored on HDFS. Some of the rare date functions are given below (Tested on version 2.1.0).

• Get last date of month

$ hive -e 'select last_day("2017-05-01")'
OK
2017-05-31
Time taken: 2.15 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

• Get last day of month (Monday=1, Sunday=7)

$ hive -e 'select date_format(last_day("2017-05-01"), "u")'
OK
3
Time taken: 2.46 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

• Add days to a date

$ hive -e 'select date_add(last_day("2017-04-03"), 1)'
OK
2017-05-01
Time taken: 2.425 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

• Get first day of last month (Monday=1, Sunday=7)

$ hive -e 'select date_format(date_add(last_day("2017-04-03"), 1), "u")'
OK
1
Time taken: 2.301 seconds, Fetched: 1 row(s)

P.S. Find Hive version using command: hive –version

$ hive --version
Hive 2.1.0-amzn-0